Turkish grading system
In Turkey, university grades run from AA (best) to FF, and DD is the lowest pass. High school grades: 0 to 100, lowest pass 50.
Example · Credit-weighted average of 3 courses
Between BA and AA
Your institution’s rule on rounding decides which grade goes on your record. DD is the lowest pass.
3 courses, 15 credits.
University grades: AA to FF
Associate and bachelor's degree courses at Turkish universities. Universities share these letters and grade points but set their own mark ranges and sometimes other words; the words shown are Marmara University's.
| Grade | On the transcript | Meaning | Pass? |
|---|---|---|---|
| AA | Pekiyi | very good (highest grade) | Pass |
| BA | İyi-Pekiyi | good to very good | Pass |
| BB | İyi | good | Pass |
| CB | Orta-İyi | average to good | Pass |
| CC | Orta | average | Pass |
| DC | Orta-Geçer | average to pass | Pass |
| DD | Geçer | pass | Pass |
| FD | Başarısız | fail | Fail |
| FF | Başarısız | fail | Fail |
High school grades: 0 to 100
Exams, projects and term scores in Turkish high schools under the Ministry of National Education.
| Grade | On the transcript | Meaning | Pass? |
|---|---|---|---|
| 85–100 | Pekiyi | very good | Pass |
| 70–84 | İyi | good | Pass |
| 60–69 | Orta | average | Pass |
| 50–59 | Geçer | pass | Pass |
| 0–49 | Geçmez | fail | Fail |
Turkish grades and a US GPA
This page gives no US equivalents for Turkish grades: we found no table for them on Wikipedia or from an official source, and we do not make one up. A US university reads a foreign transcript itself or through the credential evaluation service it names, and its conversion is the one that counts.
Send your grades as they are, with the scale above. When a form asks for your average, give it on your own scale and say which scale it is: the converter’s average does exactly that, weighted by credits when you enter them.
What to know about grades in Turkey
- A university grade point average (GANO overall, YANO for one term) weights each course's grade points by its credits and is written to two decimals.
- At some universities, such as Bursa Uludağ, DC and DD are conditional passes that count only if the overall average (GANO) is at least 2.00, while Marmara lists them as passing grades.
- The marks behind each letter are not fixed nationally, and universities such as Marmara and Bursa Uludağ can grade on a curve (bağıl değerlendirme).
- A high school course is passed with an average of at least 50 over the two terms, or with 70 or more in the second term whatever the first-term score.
- Middle schools also pass a course at 50, except Turkish, which needs 70.
Sources: Wikipedia, Grading systems by country: Turkey; Mevzuat Bilgi Sistemi, Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı Ortaöğretim Kurumları Yönetmeliği; Mevzuat Bilgi Sistemi, Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı Okul Öncesi Eğitim ve İlköğretim Kurumları Yönetmeliği; Marmara Üniversitesi, Ders başarı durumu (sık sorulan sorular); Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, Sınav, ölçme, değerlendirme (lisans).